24 https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/E D606805.pdf Chen, J. (2018). Efficacious and positive teachers achieve more: Examining the relationship between teacher efficacy, emotions, and their practicum performance. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 28(4), 327–337. Cocca, M., & Cocca, A. (2020). Testing a four-factor model for the teacher sense of efficacy scale: An updated perspective on teachers’ perceived classroom efficacy. Educational Psychology, 28(1), 39–46. https:/ www.redalyc.org/journal/6137/613770660005/html/ DeWitt, P. (2013). Do we have a teacher-prep problem? Education Week. https://www.edweek org/education/opinion-do-we-have a-teacher-prep- problem/2013/12 Fensterwalk, J. (2022). Thousands of California teachers say they are stressed, burned out. Edsource. https://edsource.org/2022/thousands-of-california teachers- say-they-are-stressed-burned-out/678737 Gkolia, A., Belias, D., & Koustelios, A. (2014). Teacher’s job satisfaction and self- efficacy. European Scientific Journal, 10(22), 321–342. Guskey, T. (2021). The past and future of teacher efficacy. ASCD. https://www.ascd.org/el articles/the-past-and-future-of-teacher-efficacy Kazee, L., Brandow, C., & Cook, O. (2020). Self-care and wellness: An important focus for staff implementing a school responder model. National Center for Youth Opportunity and Justice. https://ncyoj policyresearchinc.org/img/resources SelfCareWellnessBriefFinal- 943347.pdf Kouzes, J., & Posner, B. (2017). The leadership challenge: How to make extraordinary things happen in organization (6th ed.). John Wiley & Sons. Kullar, J., & Cunningham, S. (2020). Building your building: How to hire and keep great teachers. Solution Tree Press. Lee, C., Chen, V. D. T., & Wang, L. Y. (2017). A review of research on teacher efficacy beliefs in the learner centered pedagogy context: Themes, trends and issues. Asia Pacific Education Review, 18(4), 559–572. Leimann, K. B., Murdock, G. F., & Waller, W. R. (2008). The staying power of mentoring. Delta Kappa Gamma Bulletin, 74(3), 28–31 McKown, D. (2021). Instructional strategies in recognized and understood, then education may take a step forward in helping beginning teachers make the decision to stay rather than leave. Stakeholders can all work together to nurture beginning teachers’ passion for teaching children while fostering their self-efficacy. Though it does not get much air-time, teacher retention has a significant effect on student achievement. When attrition rates are high, the likelihood of a student having an experienced, confident teacher goes down. The continuity and consistency in teaching staff foster a nurturing learning environment in which students can thrive academically, socially, and emotionally. When teachers stay in their positions longer, they develop deeper connections with their students. In addition, students’ individual needs can be understood and accommodated better by teachers who, based on experience accumulated over the years, know how to tailor their teaching styles to individual needs. As a result, teachers enhance their own proficiency and confidence in their self-efficacy to provide students with nothing short of excellence. References Anderson, S. (2002). Traditional versus alternative certification: Is there “One Best System” for teacher preparation and retention? (Publication No. 3057387) [Doctoral dissertation, University of Western Carolina]. ProQuest Dissertations. Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191–215. doi: 10.1037//0033 295x.84.2.191.PMID: 847061. Belsha, K. (2022). As pandemic complicates recruitment, Teach for America’s incoming class expected to hit a 15-year low. Chalkbeat. https:/ www.chalkbeat.org/2022/3/8/22966304/teach for-america-declines- pandemic-teacher-preparation Bray-Clark, N., & Bates, R. (2003). Self-efficacy beliefs and teacher effectiveness: Implications for professional development. The Professional Educator, 26(1), 13–22. Carver-Thomas, D., & Darling-Hammond, L. (2017). Teacher turnover: Why it matters and what we can do about it. Learning Policy Institute. chrome extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj Tuyet T. Hyunh, Ed.D.
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