28 the survey window. While staff members account for the lowest number of responses, they also yielded a high response rate as campus administrators had more control over how many complete the survey. Then and now, parents are the most challenging variable as it is harder to control how many participants complete the survey. Research Question 1 (RQ1) Is there a relationship between parent and staff perceptions of school culture as measured by the Qualtrics survey? RQ1 explores whether there is a relationship between parent and staff perceptions of school culture as measured by the Qualtrics survey from April 2023. The parent survey included 16 selected items that were aligned with the four domains of school culture which include academic, community, safety, and institutional environment (Wang & Degol, 2016). In contrast, the staff survey included only four selected items which were only aligned to the community domain of school culture. Respondents were asked to respond to a statement with a Likert-type scale regarding their perceptions of school culture for each campus. The researcher used Cohen’s (1977) standard to evaluate the correlation coefficient of each hypothesis to determine the effect size. Aggregated parent responses for all 39 elementary schools, (N = 5,003, M = 3.51, SD = .099) ranged from 3.35 to 3.78. Staff responses for all 39 elementary schools (N = 1,364, M = 4.08, SD = 0.254) ranged from 3.56 to 4.62. Aggregated parent responses for all 39 elementary schools, (N = 5,003, M = 3.51, SD = .099) ranged from 3.35 to 3.78. Staff responses for all 39 elementary schools (N = 1,364, M = 4.08, SD = 0.254) ranged from 3.56 to 4.62. The results of the correlation analysis indicated a statistically significant relationship between parent and staff culture perception data on the Qualtrics surveys, r(37) = .444, p = .005. Thus, the null hypothesis of no relationship between the two variables is rejected and it is assumed that a relationship does exist between staff and parent perceptions of school culture. The Pearson r correlation coefficient of .444 represents a positive relationship and a medium effect size. Parent perceptions of school climate were similar to staff perceptions regarding whether they believe the culture is positive or negative. Figure 1 displays a scatterplot to illustrate the relationship between mean staff and parent scores for each campus. Figure 1 Scatterplot Graph of Parent and Staff Data Matthew C. Rainey, Ed.D.
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